The French revolution was a turning point in European politics whilst the Industrial revolution transformed Britain and the world.
1 - French revolution
(GB nearly became Great Scottish Empire)
In 1698 Scotland attempted to set up a colony in Central America, so they put 1/5 of the nations wealth into it BUT this turned out to be a disaster because The Darien colony in New Caledonia had great illness and fever resulting in the Scots being absolutely broke! They had no choice but to surrender to the British - British Empire formed (1707 - Act of Union)
England gained from the French revolution but it was very expensive so Tax was created (1799) to pay off the war.
2 - Industrial revolution
(Naval power = beginnings of Industrial revolution)
Britain started building empire - India, Singapore, South Africa, South America, Sri Lanka.
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transatlantic triangular trade (slave trade) - very profitable for Britain
In the 16th Century 1 million slaves were transported from Africa to America in exchange for cotton BUT by the 18th Century this became 7 million!!!!
FURTHERMORE
England was the 'workshop of the world' during the time of the industrial revolution and Manchester was the most important place in the world.. (centre of the revolution)
Peterloo Massacre - In Manchester (1819) --> cavalry charged at a 6,000 strong crowd of protesters demanding parliamentary reform. (the vote)
Farming - peasants were forced to leave their owned land. - Non industrial - industrial transfer
Utilitarianism - the idea of happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain (VERY APPEALING) but what could they do with the poor?
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WORK HOUSES --> occupants slowly died from only just enough food and a lot of work.
